Vedanta (meaning end of the Vedas), is a branch of Hindu philosophy. Vedanta has three major branches,
Advaita Vedanta,
Vishista Advaita, and
Dvaita.
Vedanta is mostly mentioned in the Upanishads, which are considered to be the essence of the Vedas. Some of the pre-modern teachers of Vedanta are,
Adi Shankaracharya, Ramanujam, and Madhwacharya. Vedanta was compiled into one treatise, called the Brahma Sutras or Vedanta Sutras during the first century AD by Sage Badarayana.
Modern thinkers of Vedanta were, Swami Vivekananda, Aurobindo, and Ramana Maharshi.
Advaita Vedanta, one of the branches of Vedanta founded by Adi Shankaracharya, has greatly influenced the West, and also modern science.