Located in the north-western part of
Palamu District, Muhammadganj is a small town on the banks of North Koel River.
Daltonganj, the district headquarters, is around 50 km south of Muhammadganj.
Nearby prominent towns are Tilokhar, Akbarpur, Haidarnagar and Majhiaon Kalan. To the north-east of the town at Husainabad (16 km) is the Kund Waterfalls.
Patna is around 187 km north and the state capital, Ranchi is around 205 km south-east. Nearest airport is at Varanasi (140 km). Muhammadganj Railway Station is on the Daltonganj-Gaya line.